AMC 12A 2023 (Problem 24)
Let be the number of sequences such that is a positive integer less than or equal to , each is a subset of , and is a subset of for each between and , inclusive. For example, is one such sequence, with . What is the remainder when is divided by ?
If , each element has 2 choices: to be in or not to be in .
If , instead of considering the sets and , consider the elements.
Each element has 3 choices for and :
Therefore, there are sequences.
Each element has 3 choices for and :
Therefore, there are sequences.
If :
Therefore, there are sequences.
Therefore, there are sequences.
Similarly, for , the numbers of sequences are
(C) 5