Modulo Prime Powers

Lesson · Intermediate

Number Theory

2341≡?(mod125)2^{341}\equiv ?\pmod{125}
125=53125=5^3
2341=2⋅2340=2⋅4170=2(5−1)1702^{341}=2\cdot2^{340}=2\cdot4^{170}=2(5-1)^{170}
(5−1)170=(1700)−(1701)5+(1702)52−(1703)53+(1704)54+⋯(5-1)^{170}=\binom{170}{0}-\binom{170}{1}5+\binom{170}{2}5^2-\binom{170}{3}5^3+\binom{170}{4}5^4+\cdots
≡(1700)−(1701)5+(1702)52(mod125)\equiv\binom{170}{0}-\binom{170}{1}5+\binom{170}{2}5^2\pmod{125}
=1−170⋅5+170⋅1692⋅52=1-170\cdot5+\frac{170\cdot169}{2}\cdot5^2
≡1−850+85⋅169⋅52(mod125)\equiv1-850+85\cdot169\cdot5^2\pmod{125}
≡1−850(mod125)\equiv1-850\pmod{125}
≡1−100=−99≡26(mod125)\equiv1-100=-99\equiv26\pmod{125}
2341≡2⋅26≡52(mod125)2^{341}\equiv2\cdot26\equiv52\pmod{125}